Chemistry·Environmental & industrial chemistry · NSSCO 11.2–11.3
Air & the commercial gases
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The air is mostly nitrogen, with the oxygen that keeps us alive. Learn the composition of dry air, the simple lab tests for oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and ammonia, the many ways carbon dioxide is made, how oxygen and nitrogen are separated from liquid air by fractional distillation, and the everyday uses of these gases.
What you'll learn in this lesson
By the end you should be able to (NSSCO Chemistry 11.2–11.3):
- Interpret the composition of dry air (78% N₂, 21% O₂, 1% other gases), noting the high nitrogen
- Recall that combustion involves reaction with oxygen in the air
- Describe the laboratory tests for oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and ammonia
- Describe the formation of carbon dioxide (combustion, respiration, fermentation, acid + carbonate, thermal decomposition)
- Describe the commercial preparation of oxygen and nitrogen (from liquid air by fractional distillation) and of carbon dioxide
- Describe the uses of oxygen and carbon dioxide
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